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Visual Studio provides project templates you can use to create document-level customizations and VSTO Add-ins for Microsoft Office Excel. You can use these solutions to automate Excel, extend Excel features, and customize the Excel user interface (UI). For more information about the differences between document-level customizations and VSTO Add-ins, see Office solutions development overview (VSTO).
Applies to: The information in this topic applies to document-level projects and VSTO Add-in projects for Excel. For more information, see Features available by Office application and project type.
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Interested in developing solutions that extend the Office experience across multiple platforms? Check out the new Office Add-ins model. Office Add-ins have a small footprint compared to VSTO Add-ins and solutions, and you can build them by using almost any web programming technology, such as HTML5, JavaScript, CSS3, and XML.
This topic provides the following information:
Create an Automation Client for Microsoft Excel Start Microsoft Visual Studio.NET. On the File menu, click New, and then click Project. Select Windows Application from the Visual C# Project types.
Automate Excel.
Develop document-level customizations for Excel.
Develop VSTO Add-ins for Excel.
Customize the user interface of Excel.
Automate Excel
The Excel object model exposes many types that you can use to automate Excel. For example, you can programmatically create charts, format worksheets, and set the values of ranges and cells. For more information, see Excel object model overview.
When developing Excel solutions in Visual Studio, you can also use host items and host controls in your solutions. These are objects that extend certain commonly used objects in the Excel object model, such as the Worksheet and Range objects. The extended objects behave like the Excel objects they are based on, but they add additional events and data binding capabilities to the objects. For more information, see Automate Excel by using extended objects.
Develop document-level customizations for Excel
A document-level customization for Microsoft Office Excel consists of an assembly that is associated with a specific workbook. The assembly typically extends the workbook by customizing the UI and by automating Excel. Unlike a VSTO Add-in, which is associated with Excel itself, functionality that you implement in a customization is available only when the associated workbook is open in Excel.
To create a document-level customization project for Excel, use the Excel workbook or Excel template project templates in the New Project dialog box of Visual Studio. For more information, see How to: Create Office projects in Visual Studio.
For more information about how document-level customizations work, see Architecture of document-level customizations.
Excel customization programming model
When you create a document-level project for Excel, Visual Studio generates several classes that are the foundation of your solution: ThisWorkbook, Sheet1, Sheet2, and Sheet3. These classes represent the workbook and worksheets that are associated with your solution, and they provide a starting point for writing your code.
For more information about these generated classes and other features you can use in a document-level project, see Program document-level customizations.
Develop VSTO Add-ins for Excel
A VSTO Add-in for Microsoft Office Excel consists of an assembly that is loaded by Excel. The assembly typically extends Excel by customizing the UI and by automating Excel. Unlike a document-level customization, which is associated with a specific workbook, functionality that you implement in a VSTO Add-in is not restricted to any single workbook.
To create a VSTO Add-in project for Excel, use the Excel workbook or Excel template project templates in the New Project dialog box of Visual Studio. For more information, see How to: Create Office projects in Visual Studio.
For general information about how VSTO Add-ins work, see Architecture of VSTO Add-ins.
Excel Add-in programming model
When you create an Excel VSTO Add-in project, Visual Studio generates a class, called ThisAddIn, which is the foundation of your solution. This class provides a starting point for writing your code, and it also exposes the object model of Excel to your VSTO Add-in.
For more information about the ThisAddIn class and other Visual Studio features you can use in a VSTO Add-in, see Program VSTO Add-Ins.
Customize the user interface of Excel
There are several different ways to customize the user interface of Excel. Some options are available to all project types, and other options are available only to VSTO Add-ins or document-level customizations.
Options for all project types
The following table lists customization options that are available to both document-level customizations and VSTO Add-ins.
| Task | For more information |
|---|---|
| Customize the Ribbon. | Ribbon overview |
| Add Windows Forms controls or extended Excel controls to a worksheet in the customized workbook for a document-level customization, or in any open workbook for a VSTO Add-in. | How to: Add Windows forms controls to Office documents How to: Add Chart controls to worksheets How to: Add ListObject controls to worksheets How to: Add NamedRange controls to worksheets |
Options for document-level customizations
The following table lists customization options that are available only to document-level customizations.
| Task | For more information |
|---|---|
| Add an actions pane to the workbook. | Actions pane overview How to: Add an actions pane to Word documents or Excel workbooks |
| Add extended range controls that are mapped to XML nodes to a worksheet. | How to: Add XMLMappedRange controls to worksheets |
Options for VSTO Add-ins
The following table lists customization options that are available only to VSTO Add-ins.
| Task | For more information |
|---|---|
| Create a custom task pane. | Custom task panes |
Related topics
| Title | Description |
|---|---|
| Excel object model overview | Provides an overview of the main types provided by the Excel object model. |
| Automate Excel by using extended objects | Provides information about extended objects (provided by the Visual Studio Tools for Office runtime) that you can use in Excel solutions. |
| Globalization and localization of Excel solutions | Contains information about special considerations for Excel solutions that will be run on computers that have non-English settings for Windows. |
| Windows Forms controls on Office documents overview | Describes how you can add Windows Forms controls to Excel worksheets. |
| Walkthrough: Create your first document-level customization for Excel | Demonstrates how to create a basic document-level customization for Excel. |
| Walkthrough: Create your first VSTO Add-in for Excel | Demonstrates how to create a basic VSTO Add-in for Excel. |
| Walkthrough: Add controls to a worksheet at run time in VSTO Add-in project | Demonstrates how to add a Windows Forms button, a NamedRange, and a ListObject to a worksheet at run time by using a VSTO Add-in. |
| Understand co-authoring and Add-ins | Describes adjustments you might need to make to your solutions to accommodate coauthoring. |
| Excel 2010 in Office development | Provides links to articles and reference documentation about developing Excel solutions. These are not specific to Office development using Visual Studio. |
Working with Python in Visual Studio Code, using the Microsoft Python extension, is simple, fun, and productive. The extension makes VS Code an excellent Python editor, and works on any operating system with a variety of Python interpreters. It leverages all of VS Code's power to provide auto complete and IntelliSense, linting, debugging, and unit testing, along with the ability to easily switch between Python environments, including virtual and conda environments.
This article provides only an overview of the different capabilities of the Python extension for VS Code. For a walkthrough of editing, running, and debugging code, use the button below.
Install Python and the Python extension
The tutorial guides you through installing Python and using the extension. You must install a Python interpreter yourself separately from the extension. For a quick install, use Python 3.7 from python.org and install the extension from the VS Code Marketplace.
Once you have a version of Python installed, activate it using the Python: Select Interpreter command. If VS Code doesn't automatically locate the interpreter you're looking for, refer to Environments - Manually specify an interpreter.
You can configure the Python extension through settings. Learn more in the Python Settings reference.
Windows Subsystem for Linux: If you are on Windows, WSL is a great way to do Python development. You can run Linux distributions on Windows and Python is often already installed. When coupled with the Remote - WSL extension, you get full VS Code editing and debugging support while running in the context of WSL. To learn more, go to Developing in WSL or try the Working in WSL tutorial.
Insiders program
The Insiders program allows you to try out and automatically install new versions of the Python extension prior to release, including new features and fixes.
If you'd like to opt into the program, you can either open the Command Palette (⇧⌘P (Windows, Linux Ctrl+Shift+P)) and select Python: Switch to Insiders Daily/Weekly Channel or else you can open settings (⌘, (Windows, Linux Ctrl+,)) and look for Python: Insiders Channel to set the channel to 'daily' or 'weekly'.
Run Python code
To experience Python, create a file (using the File Explorer) named hello.py and paste in the following code (assuming Python 3):
The Python extension then provides shortcuts to run Python code in the currently selected interpreter (Python: Select Interpreter in the Command Palette):
- In the text editor: right-click anywhere in the editor and select Run Python File in Terminal. If invoked on a selection, only that selection is run.
- In Explorer: right-click a Python file and select Run Python File in Terminal.
You can also use the Terminal: Create New Integrated Terminal command to create a terminal in which VS Code automatically activates the currently selected interpreter. See Environments below. The Python: Start REPL activates a terminal with the currently selected interpreter and then runs the Python REPL.
For a more specific walkthrough on running code, see the tutorial.
Autocomplete and IntelliSense
The Python extension supports code completion and IntelliSense using the currently selected interpreter. IntelliSense is a general term for a number of features, including intelligent code completion (in-context method and variable suggestions) across all your files and for built-in and third-party modules.
IntelliSense quickly shows methods, class members, and documentation as you type, and you can trigger completions at any time with ⌃Space (Windows, Linux Ctrl+Space). You can also hover over identifiers for more information about them.
Tip: Check out the IntelliCode extension for VS Code (preview). IntelliCode provides a set of AI-assisted capabilities for IntelliSense in Python, such as inferring the most relevant auto-completions based on the current code context.
Linting
Linting analyzes your Python code for potential errors, making it easy to navigate to and correct different problems.
The Python extension can apply a number of different linters including Pylint, pycodestyle, Flake8, mypy, pydocstyle, prospector, and pylama. See Linting.
Debugging
No more print statement debugging! Set breakpoints, inspect data, and use the debug console as you run your program step by step. Debug a number of different types of Python applications, including multi-threaded, web, and remote applications.
For Python-specific details, including setting up your launch.json configuration and remote debugging, see Debugging. General VS Code debugging information is found in the debugging document. The Django and Flask tutorials also demonstrate debugging in the context of those web apps, including debugging Django page templates.
Environments
The Python extension automatically detects Python interpreters that are installed in standard locations. It also detects conda environments as well as virtual environments in the workspace folder. See Configuring Python environments. You can also use the python.pythonPath setting to point to an interpreter anywhere on your computer.
The current environment is shown on the left side of the VS Code Status Bar:
The Status Bar also indicates if no interpreter is selected:
The selected environment is used for IntelliSense, auto-completions, linting, formatting, and any other language-related feature other than debugging. It is also activated when you use run Python in a terminal.
To change the current interpreter, which includes switching to conda or virtual environments, select the interpreter name on the Status Bar or use the Python: Select Interpreter command.
VS Code prompts you with a list of detected environments as well as any you've added manually to your user settings (see Configuring Python environments).
Installing packages
Packages are installed using the Terminal panel and commands like pip install <package_name> (Windows) and pip3 install <package_name> (macOS/Linux). VS Code installs that package into your project along with its dependencies. Examples are given in the Python tutorial as well as the Django and Flask tutorials.
Jupyter notebooks
If you open a Jupyter notebook file (.ipynb) in VS Code, you can use the Jupyter Notebook Editor to directly view, modify, and run code cells.
You can also convert and open the notebook as a Python code file. The notebook's cells are delimited in the Python file with #%% comments, and the Python extension shows Run Cell or Run All Cells CodeLens. Selecting either CodeLens starts the Jupyter server and runs the cell(s) in the Python interactive window:
Opening a notebook as a Python file allows you to use all of VS Code's debugging capabilities. You can then save the notebook file and open it again as a notebook in the Notebook Editor, Jupyter, or even upload it to a service like Azure Notebooks.
Using either method, Notebook Editor or a Python file, you can also connect to a remote Jupyter server for running the code. For more information, see Jupyter support.
Testing
The Python extension supports testing with the unittest, pytest, and nose test frameworks.
To run tests, you enable one of the frameworks in settings. Each framework also has specific settings, such as arguments that identify paths and patterns for test discovery.
Once discovered, VS Code provides a variety of commands (on the Status Bar, the Command Palette, and elsewhere) to run and debug tests, including the ability to run individual test files and individual methods.
Configuration
Excel Visual Studio Add In
The Python extension provides a wide variety of settings for its various features. These are described on their relevant topics, such as Editing code, Linting, Debugging, and Testing. The complete list is found in the Settings reference.
Other popular Python extensions
Visual Studio Excel Reference
The Microsoft Python extension provides all of the features described previously in this article. Additional Python language support can be added to VS Code by installing other popular Python extensions.
- Open the Extensions view (⇧⌘X (Windows, Linux Ctrl+Shift+X)).
- Filter the extension list by typing 'python'.
Visual Studio Excel Project
The extensions shown above are dynamically queried. Click on an extension tile above to read the description and reviews to decide which extension is best for you. See more in the Marketplace.
Next steps
Using Excel In Visual Studio
- Python Hello World tutorial - Get started with Python in VS Code.
- Editing Python - Learn about auto-completion, formatting, and refactoring for Python.
- Basic Editing - Learn about the powerful VS Code editor.
- Code Navigation - Move quickly through your source code.
Visual Studio Code Json To Excel